![]() As for any drug, contrast agents can cause adverse events, which are more frequent with Iodine based CA, but also with Gd based CA and even with sonographic contrast agents hypersensitivity reaction can occur.Ĭomputerized tomography Contrast agents Diagnosis Magnetic resonance imaging Sonography Targeted therapy.Ĭopyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. Radiologists have to choose a particular contrast agent knowing its physical and chemical properties and the possibility of adverse reactions and balancing them with the clinical benefits of a more accurate diagnosis. One way is to consider them according to the compartments in which they distribute. Metalloporphyrins exhibit affinity for many tumor types including carcinoma, sarcoma, neuroblastoma, melanoma and lymphoma. Contrast agents Contrast agents can be grouped in many different ways. Monoclonal antibodies are targeted to specific tumors such as adenocarcinoma of the colon. T 1 agents are mostly represented by paramagnetic metal Gd(III) or Mn(II) complexes that enhance the MR water signal (signal brightening) in T 1w scans. Contrast materials, also known as contrast agents or contrast media, are used to improve the diagnostic value of those imaging exams. reported a new type of contrast agent which can be used in either ultra-high magnetic field or multimodal imaging of MRI and optical imaging (Biju et al., 2018). ![]() This is a result of intravascular agents having a molecular weight of approximately 70,000 and above, compared to a molecular weight of 590 for Gd-DTPA. ![]() Microbubbles can be used as carrier for therapeutic drugs which can be released in specific targets under sonographic guidance, decreasing systemic toxicity and increasing therapeutic effect. Tumor specific MRI contrast agents are pharmaceuticals that are targeted to tumors, either specifically or nonspecifically. Except the contrast agent developed for T 2-weighted MRI, the attempts into developing dual-mode T 1 /T 2 contrast agents are also reported. Intravascular MRI contrast agents normally remain confined to the intravascular space, compared to Gd-DTPA which distributes throughout the extracellular fluid space. Most of them are extracellular agents which create different enhancement on basis of different vascularization or on basis of different interstitial network in tissues, but some can be targeted to a particular cell line (e.g. Specific contrast agents have been developed for x ray examinations (mainly CT), sonography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging. ![]()
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